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Public and private sectors for doctors in France: what you need to know
If you are a European doctor and wish to practice in France, it is essential to understand the differences between the public sector and the private sector. Each option has its rules, advantages, and requirements. This guide clearly explains how each sector operates, including specific conditions for foreign doctors.
🩺 The Public Sector: Stability and Integration
In the public sector, doctors work in hospitals or health centers managed by the state or local authorities. They work as employees, with a contract, a fixed salary scale, and regulated working hours.
This sector is particularly suitable for:
- European doctors starting in France.
- Those who want to fulfill the 24-month requirement before moving to sector 2.
- Those looking for a structured environment with professional support.
💼 The Private Sector: Two Options Depending on Pricing Model
In the private sector, doctors can practice as freelancers (self-employed) or in private establishments. There are two main sub-categories: sector 1 and sector 2. Here's a comparative table to easily distinguish them:
Complete Comparison: Sector 1 vs. Sector 2
| Characteristics | Sector 1 | Sector 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Status / Agreement | Contracted with Social Security | Contracted with fee freedom (under conditions) |
| Pricing | Set by Health Insurance | Free, with prudence and moderation |
| Fee Overruns | Not allowed | Yes, allowed |
| Patient Reimbursement | Maximum reimbursement | Based on health insurance rate only |
| Pricing Freedom | Low | High |
| Impact on the Patient | No charge or very limited | Sometimes significant charge |
📌 What You Should Know If You Are a European Doctor
To practice in the private sector and access sector 2, you must first go through the public sector. French law requires a minimum period of 24 months in a public establishment before accessing sector 2.
This point is governed by:
- Article L.4111-1 of the Public Health Code
- Decree n°2004-252 of March 19, 2004
This period ensures your integration into the French system while accumulating local experience.
🎯 Our Advice
Starting in the public sector is an excellent entry point. It provides a structured framework, a first experience in France, and simplifies all your administrative procedures. Then, if desired, you can move to liberal or mixed practice according to your plans.
Do you want to know more about the practice sectors in France?
Euromotion Medical supports you at each step: diploma recognition, public position search, administrative procedures, then transition to the liberal sector if desired.
📩 Email: nicetomeetyou@euromotion.care
📱 Instagram: @euromotion.mediirect
🔗 LinkedIn: Euromotion Medical
Join dozens of European doctors we have already guided toward a successful establishment in France.
